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KMID : 1140120090140020000
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Cancer Prevention Research
2009 Volume.14 No. 2 p.0 ~ p.0
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Aged Black Garlic Inhibits Cyclooxygenase-2 Expression and Prostaglandin E2 Production by Phorbol 12-myristate-13-acetate through Inactivation of Nuclear Factor-KappaB
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Park Cheol
Gweon Oh-Cheon
Choi Yung-Hyun
Kim Jung-In
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Abstract
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Induction of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production is thought to have beneficial immunomodulatory effects in acute and chronic inflammatory disorders. In this study, we examined the effects of methanol extracts of raw garlic (MRG) and aged black garlic (MABG) on the expression of COX-2 and production of PGE2 in U937 human pre-monocytic cell model. In U937 cells stimulated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) to mimic inflammation, MRG and MABG inhibited PMA-induced expression of both COX-2 protein and mRNA, which was associated with inhibition of PGE2 production. To investigate the mechanism by which MRG and MABG inhibit COX-2 gene expression and PGE2 production, we examined activation of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) in U937 cells. Pre-treatment with MRG and MABG significantly attenuated the PMA-induced IkappaB degradation and prevented nuclear translocation of NF-κB and PGE2 production. Moreover, MABG exerts a much better inhibitory activity than MRG against PMA-induced activation of COX-2 and production of PGE2 in U937 cells. Taken together, these findings provide important new insights into the possible molecular mechanisms of the anti-inflammatory activity of aged black garlic.
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KEYWORD
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Aged black garlic, COX-2, PGE2, NF-κB
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